What are the construction techniques for a framed curtain wall system?

Hey there! As a supplier of framed curtain wall systems, I've seen firsthand how these structures can transform a building's look and functionality. In this blog, I'm gonna walk you through the construction techniques for a framed curtain wall system, sharing some insights from my years in the industry.

Understanding the Basics

First things first, what exactly is a framed curtain wall system? Well, it's a non - load - bearing exterior wall that's attached to the building's structure. It's made up of a framework, usually made of aluminum or steel, and infill panels, which can be glass, metal, stone, or other materials. The main purpose of a curtain wall is to protect the building from the elements while providing an aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Design Phase

Before any construction begins, the design phase is crucial. This involves working closely with architects, engineers, and clients to understand their vision and requirements. We need to consider factors like the building's location, climate, and intended use. For example, in a coastal area, the curtain wall needs to be able to withstand strong winds and saltwater corrosion.

During the design, we also have to think about the structural integrity of the curtain wall. It has to be able to handle its own weight, wind loads, and seismic forces. Computer - aided design (CAD) software is a great tool here. It allows us to create detailed 3D models of the curtain wall, which helps us visualize the final product and make any necessary adjustments early on.

Material Selection

Once the design is finalized, it's time to choose the right materials. The framework is often made of aluminum because it's lightweight, strong, and resistant to corrosion. Aluminum can be extruded into various shapes, which gives us a lot of flexibility in terms of design.

For the infill panels, glass is a popular choice. It allows natural light to enter the building, which can reduce energy costs. There are different types of glass available, such as tempered glass, which is stronger and safer, and low - emissivity (low - e) glass, which helps to control heat transfer. If you're interested in exposed glass options, check out our Exposed Glass Curtain Wall.

If you're looking for a more industrial look, metal panels are a great option. They're durable and can be finished in a variety of colors and textures. Stone panels, on the other hand, give a building a luxurious and timeless appearance.

Fabrication

After the materials are selected, the fabrication process begins. In our factory, we use advanced machinery to cut, shape, and assemble the components of the curtain wall. The framework is usually made by extruding aluminum into the desired profiles. These profiles are then cut to length and joined together using welding or mechanical fasteners.

The infill panels are also fabricated according to the design specifications. For glass panels, they're cut, tempered, and sometimes laminated. Metal and stone panels are cut, shaped, and finished to the required dimensions.

Installation

Installation is a critical phase in the construction of a framed curtain wall system. It has to be done carefully to ensure the curtain wall functions properly and looks great.

Site Preparation

Before the installation, the building's structure has to be prepared. This involves installing anchor points on the building's façade. These anchor points are used to attach the curtain wall framework to the building. The surface of the building also has to be cleaned and leveled to ensure a proper fit.

Framework Installation

The framework is installed first. It's usually installed in sections, starting from the bottom and working upwards. Each section is carefully aligned and fixed to the anchor points using bolts or other fasteners. We have to make sure that the framework is plumb and level to ensure the overall stability of the curtain wall.

Infill Panel Installation

Once the framework is in place, it's time to install the infill panels. For glass panels, they're carefully lifted into position and secured to the framework using gaskets or clips. Gaskets are important because they provide a watertight and airtight seal, which helps to prevent leaks and energy loss.

If we're installing metal or stone panels, they're attached to the framework using brackets or adhesive. The joints between the panels are then sealed to prevent water infiltration.

Weatherproofing and Sealing

Weatherproofing is a key aspect of a framed curtain wall system. We use various sealing techniques to ensure that the curtain wall is watertight and airtight.

Silicone sealants are commonly used to seal the joints between the framework and the infill panels. These sealants are flexible and can withstand movement due to temperature changes and wind loads. We also use gaskets made of rubber or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) to provide an additional layer of protection.

Quality Control

Throughout the construction process, quality control is essential. We have a team of inspectors who check the materials, fabrication, and installation at every stage. They make sure that everything meets the design specifications and industry standards.

For example, they check the dimensions of the components, the quality of the welds, and the tightness of the seals. Any issues are identified and corrected immediately to avoid problems down the line.

Testing

Once the curtain wall is installed, it undergoes a series of tests. These tests include water penetration tests, air infiltration tests, and structural integrity tests.

The water penetration test involves spraying water on the curtain wall under different pressure conditions to check for leaks. The air infiltration test measures the amount of air that can pass through the curtain wall. The structural integrity test assesses the curtain wall's ability to withstand wind loads and seismic forces.

Different Types of Framed Curtain Wall Systems

There are several types of framed curtain wall systems, each with its own construction techniques and advantages.

Exposed Aluminium Curtain Wall System

The Exposed Aluminium Curtain Wall System features visible aluminum frames. This type of curtain wall gives a modern and industrial look to the building. The aluminum frames can be finished in different colors, allowing for a high degree of customization.

Storefront Curtain Wall

The Storefront Curtain Wall is commonly used in commercial buildings, especially retail stores. It typically has a lower profile and is designed to maximize the amount of glass, which provides a clear view of the interior. The construction of a storefront curtain wall is usually simpler and more cost - effective compared to other types of curtain walls.

Conclusion

Building a framed curtain wall system is a complex process that involves careful planning, material selection, fabrication, installation, and quality control. By using the right construction techniques and materials, we can create a curtain wall that not only looks great but also performs well for many years to come.

If you're in the market for a framed curtain wall system, I'd love to chat with you. Whether you're an architect, a builder, or a property owner, we have the expertise and experience to provide you with the best solution for your project. Reach out to us to start a conversation about your next framed curtain wall project.

References

• Building Enclosure Design Guide. "Curtain Wall Design and Performance."
• Aluminum Association. "Aluminum in Building Construction."
• Glass Association of North America. "Glass in Curtain Wall Systems."